The plan free essay sample

The Somebody-Wanted-But-So chart is an excellent way to summarize important information from history. In it, you identify a person or group of people; their goal, need, or want; what conflict of interest stood in the way; and the outcome. This strategy works great because history depends on the needs, wants, and actions of humans. Use the chart to show your understanding of people, countries, and organizations in the Korean War. Part 1 – Complete the following chart using information from the lesson. The Korean War Chart Somebody Wanted But So North Korea To unite both halves of Korea under Communist rule. The United Nations interfered with their invasion. The Korean war began. General MacArthur To defeat the North Korean army. We will write a custom essay sample on The plan or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The North Koreans were to strong to take head on. He got permission to lead a mission to ambush them from behind while other UN troops continued to fight them head on, thus trapping the North Korean army. President Truman To keep the UN troops away from the Chinese border, so that there was less of a chance that China would enter the war. General MacArthur didn’t listen and the Chinese entered the war, causing the war to last much longer than it might have if the Chinese hadn’t entered the war. President Truman fired General MacArthur for going against his orders. China The UN troops to stay away from the border between China and North Korea. MacArthur and his UN troops were extremely close to the Chinese border. More than 300,000 Chinese troops moved to assist North Korea. United Nations To restore peace in both North and South Korea as soon as possible. Chinese troops were preparing to join the war in favor of North Korea. The UN had to come up with a plan. Part 2 – You will create four paragraphs, one for each question below. Each response must be in your own words and in complete sentences as well as include evidence from the lesson. 1) How did General Douglas MacArthur react to the events in Korea? What was his stance on the Korean War? General Douglas MacArthur was the leader of the UN troops. He took some of the UN troops and ambushed the North Korean forces from behind, thus trapping the North Koreans between them and the UN forces on the front-lines. He also wanted to invade China in order to reestablish a democratic political system in China. 2) How did President Truman respond to the events in Korea? What was his stance on the Korean War? President Truman assigned General Douglas MacArthur as the leader of the UN troops. Truman wanted to restore peace in North and South Korea as soon as possible. Under no circumstances did Truman want to give the Chinese a reason to enter the war. He wanted MacArthur to stay away from the Chinese border. 3)Which leaders actions were the most justifiable—General McArthurs or President Trumans? Support your claim with evidence from the lesson. I believe that President Truman’s actions were the most justifiable because General MacArthur disobeyed Truman’s orders by approaching the Chinese border when he was specifically warned to stay away from that border. Because General MacArthur disobeyed Truman’s orders, the Chinese entered the war and the war lasted a lot longer than it would have needed to. 4) Would the outcome of the Korean War have been different had General MacArthur not been fired? Why or why not? Support your claim with evidence from the lesson. No, I do not believe that the outcome of the Korean War would have been different because the Chinese had already entered the war long before MacArthur was fired and it was MacArthur’s fault that the Chinese had even entered the war. MacArthur probably would have just made even more of a mess if he hadn’t been fired.

Race and Your Community

Race and Your Community Free Online Research Papers My community is seven miles outside of Boston, Massachusetts. I live in a town, which can technically be classified as a city, due to the size of it. My town still tries to hold on to very old-school, traditional ways. The community tends to the elderly, does not have a liquor store, nor, are restaurants allowed to sell alcohol, other than a select few. All gas stations in the town are full-service and everything closes at 10:00 p.m.. The old-school mentality of my community still attributes to racism; although, in today’s world the racism goes un-heard and un-seen. Racism is not just the belief that one race is superior to others, but the act of negatively identifying individuals based on the color of their skin. An outsider looking into my community; one could classify it as a very cookie-cutter town. For being so close to the city, you would think it would have a more diverse feel. It is considered a liberal town. Mothers are mainly stay-at-home moms; there are three elite, private secondary schools in my town, and a Starbucks on every corner. So, as for as looks goes, it is a mainly white town, with a suburban feel. The members of my town that are in the 25-35 age bracket all look the same. Walking into the center of my town, you would notice there is not a tremendous difference among people. The girls all shop at the same stores and look very similar. The clothes are trendy, yet liberal. The girls are mainly petite, or tall, and thin. I feel that because Boston is so close, it attributes to the girls in my town to be stylish and body conscious. Unfortunately, those that look different are usually due to them not â€Å"looking the part.† Whether that be over-weight, looks, or the way they dress. It is actually sad but not entirely unexpected when Boston is a young, well-educated city. I notice that the leaders are just as cookie-cutter as the people that live in the town. They leaders are people that have lived in the town for all of their life. The ones that work in town hall have been working there for 20+ years. The leaders are very much involved in town safety and after school curricular activities for students. Having attended some town activities and met a few town leaders they seem to welcome everyone. I do not really buy into town politics all that much, so I have an inability to really believe them whole-heartedly. I feel the leaders like how the town has a reputation for keeping a lot of old-school traditions and want to make sure that it stays that way. As a member of the town, I can not really say how I have noticed them treating people who are different. There really is not an over-abundance of other cultures in my town. I feel the leaders appreciate the money that their restaurant brings into the town. My town has any type of ethnic restaurant available. I feel that this is the leader’s way of seeming like the welcome anyone with open arms. I feel that the members of my community treat others that fit the norm respectfully. I notice it when I conduct my personal business in the center of town. You can walk down the street and people say â€Å"hi† to you as you pass by. I have never really put much thought into how people of my town treat people are like me. When conducting the research for this paper I noticed how the clothing stores in the town would treat me and others in their store. They are overly nice and gracious. I guess it should not come to any shock as they knew we’re probably going to be spending some money in their store. I took notice though that at any one particular time the majority of the visitors happened to be white. There is no real blatant disrespect that takes place in my town towards people that are different. I feel that people in my town just think of people of different nationalities and/or cultures as a minority. The people of the town do not really have a concern about â€Å"blacks† coming in and taking over the town. There is no real concern of Asians, Mexicans, or Latino groups coming into the town and ruining the shiny image the town upholds to the neighboring towns. So for that reason, the very few minorities that do live in the town are treated with mutual respect. After taking some time to observe my local media stations to see what the people looked, I came to the realization that they are really not that different from me. The media stations in Boston seem to represent what I had early said. The residents of Boston are predominately young, so, the media portrays that of a younger culture. All the woman are very nicely dressed but in a trendy way. I feel they try to grab the attention of the young woman in the area. All of the media woman are no older than 40, if that. The men are also around the same age bracket. They are handsome, athletic, humorous, and intelligent. The media in Boston is funny. Each station tries to seem hip to what is going on in the town. They have various segments about food, cultural things that are going on in the town, and the all important, sports. Boston media knows that in order to represent people like myself they need to be at Red Sox games, Patriot games, and other various college sporting events around the city. Each media person speaks of their own account of the game. That is their way of making someone like me have a common similarity with them. It is quite charming considering half of Boston media did not even grow up in the area. Some similarities among people who are in leadership positions in my community mainly come from the same nationalities as I do. It is interesting to find out that most leaders in my community are either Italian or Irish. That is not entirely a far stretch considering that Boston has a huge Irish/Italian population. The leaders in my community are Irish old-timers that still follow strict customs. Among the customs that are most important is family. Coming from an Irish/Italian background I can relate to the leaders in that regard. Although, having grown up that way, I also know there is huge underlining discrimination against those of other nationalities. I just so happens I forced myself to look outside of my culture and take the time to learn about others. Perhaps it was acceptable to be racist back when my parents were in their early 20’s but I never wanted to carry around distain towards someone just because of their skin color. I feel that the leaders in my community have some of that underlining distain; the same that my parents had. Minority group interests are represented within my community. I feel that it is mainly done to keep up this faà §ade that Boston is such a well-rounded community. Boston is seen as a liberal city and the leaders want more than anything to keep up that persona. Boston has a large gay population, African-American, Hispanic, Middle-East, and South-East Asian community. Unfortunately, you do not notice that the city is so diverse unless you visit there areas in which those â€Å"groups† congregate and hang out in. Boston has various parades for nationalities but only â€Å"their† community. The gay pride parade only travels through a few blocks that are frequently traveled by gay people in the area. I feel that because I am such an open-minded person, I would like to change the inequities among gay people in my area. I feel that gays have the hardest time living a healthy, normal life. I have plenty of gay friends that are normal people. They are limited to number of gay bars that are in the area. If you visit San Francisco that would not be the case at all; but because Boston just wants to be seen a well educated city, they are limited to the number of bars were there would be people just like them. If I could change anything, I would increase the number of gay bars in the area and make them feel more welcome in the community. Instead of having the Gay Pride Parade travel through a limited area; I would have it travel throughout more parts of the city. Basically, anyone that does not fit into what is considered â€Å"mainstream† is going to have a hard time, compared to those that do. It is unfortunate and it should not have to be that way. I fall into the category of fitting in. I do not know what it is like to walk down the street and have people look at me because I am black or that I wear a turban. I can only imagine that the feeling is not that good and quite upsetting. Hopefully, at some point in my lifetime no one is going to care what color skin you have, or, that you are gay. Racism though is something that is imbedded in you at a young age. It is when you become an adult that you have the choice to want to expand your mind to other cultures. Little do some people know that it can be an interesting journey. Research Papers on Race and Your CommunityWhere Wild and West MeetNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This Nice19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraThe Spring and AutumnHip-Hop is ArtPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyQuebec and CanadaHonest Iagos Truth through DeceptionCapital PunishmentStandardized Testing

Toyota - Technological Environment Forum 4 Research Paper

Toyota - Technological Environment Forum 4 - Research Paper Example Toyota and its business in the Northern America based on the technology aims at fueling efficiency as far as yearly financial articulation is of concern. However, Toyota in Northern America has plenty of both hard and soft technology for one to articulate as far as domestic environment is of concern. To start with, the company has got some of the hard technologies in domestic environment which includes aircraft, security system as well as safety gear. More so, management, government regulations that oversees procedural activities of a given company and employees training are some of the core soft domestic technology as far as Toyota Company based in the Northern United States of America is taken into account. Hard and soft domestic technology is a technique for arranging innovation by its ecological and social effect. It has a few likenesses to high/low innovation dualism, despite the fact that it is not synonymous. Hard engineering by and large alludes to elevated amount innovation that would have an expansive effect on a low-innovation group as well as biological system were it to be executed. Aircraft, security system and safety gear sort of Toyota Hard domestic technologies examples are generally utilized by air Line Company. Different elements on the won domestic environmental technology executed by Toyota organization have extensive impact in characterizing how suitable an innovation is for a given circumstance. for instance, hard engineering, which frequently obliges exceedingly particular laborers, specialists and designers to construct and keep up it, might be exceptionally suitable to a circumstance in the Northern America, where the individuals utilizing it can likely pay for masters. Yet the same innovation in the underdeveloped nations is likely not suitable, as the masters needed to keep up it would be elusive, and

Choose one element that you notice in (Agamemnon, Hamlet, The Love Essay

Choose one element that you notice in (Agamemnon, Hamlet, The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock). Explain the similarities and differences as you compare the development in each work of your chosen element - Essay Example To adequately enjoy and gain insights into these works, the reader should endeavor to discern all the notable similarities and differences in these pieces of literature. Hamlet is a story line made famous by William Shakespeare who wrote the plot of the story to be depicted as a play, which makes it a world acclaimed piece of literature and theatrical prose. Hamlet is bent on avenging his father’s death, and this exposes the reader to other aspects of the protagonist’s character that can be construed to be part of the author’s intention and insight to the reader. Hamlet’s vengeance exposes his insecurity leading him to commit incestuous acts with his kin in an effort to secure his dominance and authority. This is an aspect that is present in the ‘The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufock’ in the sense that his insecurities lead him to reveal his inner-self unconsciously. The difference between the two is that in Hamlet, Prince Hamlet quest is fulfilled with the murder of his Uncle the focus of his revenge and hatred. Unlike Hamlet, J. Alfred Prufock’s insecurities and inadequacies haunt him for the rest of th e poem, and the reader is left wondering or yearning to know the outcome or the true end of the story. Agamemnon as a play also presents a dilemma, which is also present in all the literal works under discussion (Aeschylu, Raeburn and Thomas 118). Hamlet is in a dilemma on how he is going to redeem himself in the eyes of his people as their king in the presence of his overbearing uncle. He is also unsure of his mother’s involvement in the murder of his father due to her speedy remarriage to his uncle whom he suspects as his father’s killer (Crowl 169). Agamemnon is in a dilemma as to the future of his position upon his return from the Trojan War, an aspects he battles with till his ultimate death or murder. The

Term paper. book; churchill, Hitler, and the Unnecessary War Paper

. book; churchill, Hitler, and the Unnecessary War - Term Paper Example In his book the Gathering Storm, Sir Winston Churchill draws on the various failures of the Allies in the aftermath of the First World War that allowed events to lead to the Second World War. Sir Winston lays the blame of these failures at the doors of the United States of America, by its refusal to take an active role in the League of Nations, which prevented the allies being more forceful in resisting Hitler and his expansion plans prior to the start of the Second World War. Churchill, Hitler, and the Unnecessary War is Pat Buchanan’s riposte to this charge of Sir Winston Churchill. Pat Buchanan argues that the real culprit is Britain and Sir Winston Churchill, and their blunders that led to the Second World War. He buttresses this argument citing examples that start with the British decision to go to war with Germany in the event of an attack on France by Germany in 1906; abetting the Treaty of Versailles, whose terms were so denigrating to the Germans that it became possible for Hitler to rise to power; Winston Churchill’s role in the acceptance of American pressure to isolate Japan, leading to her entry into the war; sanctions against Italy in 1935 that led to Italy becoming a partner of Germany; the unasked for war guarantee to Poland in the case of an attack by Germany; and the blindness of Sir Winston Churchill to the actual ambitions of Stalin and Russia.

Cadbury Plc market environment

Cadbury Plc market environment An area where there is effective sale of goods and services Cadbury operates in about 60 countries like India, Australia, Canada, Middle East, Pacific countries with its headquarters in UK. Nature of business Cadbury has a strong name in the market for selling a variety of products in three different categories like chocolates, candy and gum. Chocolates- dairy milk, five star, time out, perk, munch etc. Pest-G analysis: This is an analysis in which political, social, economical and technological factors are taken into consideration when charting an organizations long term plans.  [2]   Political: Political decisions can be made by the Indian government like increasing the tax rate and this increase will lead to decrease in sales of the chocolate and therefore profits, this will also limit the opportunity for growth of the company. Government can also endure restrictions concerning the welfare of the society and the workers, and so if the government decides to legislate the functioning and disposal methods of Cadbury this could lead to huge losses. Since Cadbury is a chocolate factory, the government may highly be concerned about the health problems that Cadbury will cause and some more restrictions and rules could be made about the ingredients of Cadbury which could cause in change of the taste. Economical: Increase in interest rates due to some economical factors or phase such as recession, could lead to limiting the opportunity for Cadbury to undergo growing and expanding. In such recession if incomes get lower then, Cadbury will experience decrease in sales as customers priorities change. In the boom phase, expansion would be a lot easier, economy at the highest and sales are likely to increase. Social: The society perception has great effect on the functioning of the company; if alternative equal brands of chocolate appear then customers might switch brands. Increase in the health consciousness of the society could lead to major losses to Cadbury. Technological: Cadburys traditional way of processing chocolate might get affected by the introduction of new machines and techniques, causing them more money and being more automated, this change will also force Cadbury to pump in more money for the training of the staff in order to adapt to new machinery and techniques. The competition: Cadburys Competitors: Since Cadbury is one of the largest confectionary factories, it must face some competition from other chocolate brand. Cadburys main competitors are Nestle, Hersheys and Mars. But Cadburys large range of products open up new means of competitions. Cadbury unlike its competitors have a strong base in countries like the UK, Australia, republic of Ireland, India and etc. Sales and profit trend  [3]   Competition Cadbury plc (CBY)[27] Tootsie Roll Industries (TR)[28] Rocky Mountain Chocolate Factory (RMCF)[29] Hershey Foods (HSY)[30] Wm. Wrigley Jr. Company (WWY)[31] Imperial Sugar Company (IPSU)[32] Cosan Limited (CZZ)[33] Market Cap $Mil 16,960.00 1,310.00 57.80 7,500.00 21,100.00 186.88 2,640.00 Revenue $Mil 7,971.00 497.42 31.90 4,946.72 5,389.10 875.53 1,679.10 Gross Profit $Mil 3,927.00 186.67 13.70 1,631.97 2,853.85 104.95 487.80 Net Profit Margin % 5.11% 10.37% 15.56% 4.33% 11.73% 4.97% 20.83% Operating Margin % 9.89% 14.24% 24.83% 9.28% 17.87% 6.14% 13.87% Market Share  [4]  : it is the total percentage of the total market occupied by a company. Competition Cadbury plc (CBY) Mars Nestle (NSRGY) Wrigley (WWY) Hershey (HSY) Kraft Foods (KFT) Ferrero Global Confectionery Market 10.1% 8.9% 7.7% 5.5% 5.5% 4.3% 4.2% Chocolate 7.3% 14.7% 12.5% 8.3% 7.8% 6.8% Gum 27.0% 0.1% 34.5% 1.3% 0.1% Candy 7.4% 2.8% 2.9% 2.2% 2.7% 0.3% 1.5% 5C:UsersDanaDocumentsIMG_13112010_032130.png Target Markets: These are group of customers the company had aimed to put all efforts in supplying their need.  [6]   Most obvious target would be young kids Cadbury diversified its target audience to include old aged people along with adults Retailers and chocolate companies Link to text only version Opens in a new window The Company: Profits and sales trend: 7According to the latest press release in 2010, Cadbury experienced a substantial increase in the total revenue and sales as well as profits for this year. Moreover, it was mentioned that the revenue increased by 5% and the second half of growth increased by 6%. This progress was a consequence of the increase in all the three categories of Cadbury. The chocolate grew by 7%, the gums by 2% and candy by 5% Market share: Business sector: Cadbury happens to be a business to business. Cadbury lies in the confectionary sector. Revenue  [8]   http://t1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTj9uax2uMb1mobjhHlGCTGjkCE_whg5aYrnesDV0shWj5JRJ_o http://store.businessmonitor.com/bigdb_data/fooddrink7_20100120.gif XI. The project focus: Cadbury sells a variety of products and in my project I will be focusing on dairy milk Cadbury chocolate. Dairy milk chocolate bar: Most common and preferred Cadbury chocolate brand worldwide. Ingredients  [9]  : Full Cream Milk, Sugar, Cocoa Mass, Cocoa Butter, Milk Solids, Vegetable Fat, Emulsifiers (Soya Lecithin, 476), Flavours. May contain traces of Nuts. Milk Chocolate contains Cocoa Solids 26%, Milk Solids 28%. Contains the logo glass and a half milk, purple color packaging. Lies in the chocolate category and country focus will be on Indian market. Cadbury can also merge with their suppliers in order to have two way benefits and avoid conflicts It can also start making their own cocoa and use of ingredients in order to save up money and import taxes. Threats: With health awareness increasing more day-by-day the production and sale of the chocolates will decrease Some regional laws depending on the country might ban some ingredients or certain type of chocolate which might cause bad publicity and loss in customers and retailers. Increased severe competition from other chocolate brands and using competitive pricing might cause reductions in the revenue and increase costs. The increase of quality control and regulations announced regarding the safety of the ingredients and side effects. The Company Marketing Strategy: XIII. Market Segmentation: this refers to dividing the target market into groups according to their needs and interests.  [10]   Each company when launching new products or brand would consider market segmentation. Demographic variables which implies to segmenting according to age, gender, income, marital status. In case of the age group Cadbury first targeted young children and eventually targeted the adults too. This helps in identifying the marketing mix and features that would attract that particular group. For income, it will help set the prices of the products that normal customers can afford. Segmenting according to lifestyles might help target people with certain habits, cuisines and fulfill their need of consumption of the products for example some people would go for the dark expensive chocolate due some certain traditions. Benefits that the product brings: some customers find it very sensible to buy a basic product that would just satisfy their need like Cadbury dairy milk. Occasions: this group of customers would only buy these chocolates on occasions such as Christmas, Halloween etc. known as seasonal buyers. (crà ¨me eggs, Easter eggs) Cadbury also considers the basic preferences for example having a dairy milk hazelnuts chocolate bar with a cup of tea or coffee. Considering habituation is also segmenting. XIV. Targeting: This term refers to considering a certain group of people to make them customers of the brand. Targeting changes with the change of product but basically for Cadbury target market is the whole population. XV. Positioning of Cadbury: When Cadbury entered the market, it was whole unique chocolate with the special recipe and packaging. Effective positioning of Cadbury took place when advertising succeeded and different varieties of chocolates started coming up. Its very important for company to have close relation to the customers which Cadbury was successful at doing and that the major factor that promoted the chocolate. XVI. Differentiation: Cadbury started off differently with its recipe of the dairy milk. Cadbury basically cannot be classified as chocolate since it doesnt have enough cocoa and so is called dairy milk. Cadbury dairy milk chocolate barC:UsersDanaDocumentsIMG_12112010_215635.png Cadbury was placed in between the differentiated leader and cost leader because its unique but at the same time keeping costs as minimum as possible. (using cost-effective methods)  [11]   Cadbury dairy milk chocolate barXVII. Growth strategy: these are tactics towards gaining prosperity.Boston Matrix Diagram Boston Matrix: it is a chart drawn to analyze the products as business units (product portfolio).  [12]   Ansoff matrix: its a chart drawn that allows marketers to grow business through existing markets/new product or new markets/new products.  [13]   Cadbury dairy milk chocolate barhttp://tutor2u.net/business/images/Ansoff%20Matrix%20w500.gif The Marketing Mix: XVIII. Product: Cadburys product being discussed here is the dairy milk bar. Cadbury dairy milk is known to have one and a half glass of cream milk in every 200 grams of dairy milk chocolate. Packaging of Cadbury: It has purple packaging as known It contains the logo which is the glass and a half milk It should be eye-catching specially if kids were targeted and highly classy if adults were targeted Easy and safe to open and use Should contain the ingredients and place of manufacture on the back Should come in various sizes Since its chocolate, thick packaging should be used in order to protect chocolate from heat and melting. Cadbury dairy milk chocolate bar  [14]  http://t2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTT1RiQe7BpQDznBQU1H-JtPCKN25WIZRaXRuqL_ei6z809YE4c Product life cycle: The latter shows the stages the product undergoes from its development until its decline.  [15]   XIX. Price: -When launching a new chocolate, Cadbury should be considering the group of people targeted for this chocolate and based on that the pricing methods should be set. The price set should definitely cover the costs of the ingredients and the electricity for machines functioning and should also bring in revenue in order to be invested again. XXI. Promotion: The latter represents a link between the buyers and sellers where sellers use methods of promoting.  [16]   Cadbury was the first company to use visual advertising and is a leader in innovation. Promotion of Cadbury has been promoted through movie stars on the television, magazines and radios. Advertising strategy should be carefully chosen, it should be cost-effective and reachable to all around the world. Effective Advertising leads to attraction of customer to buy the chocolate, some advertisements even lead to brand loyality and prosperity. Another aspect of promotion is the sales hence sales refer to reduction in price and usually happen seasonally or on special occasion like Christmas. Sometimes promotion is held to get rid of the lying stocks.http://im.rediff.com/movies/2009/may/05sl8.jpg Evaluation of the Companys Strategies and Tactics: XXIII. Evaluation of the companys current position: What makes a good company? The answer to this question depends on every detail of the companys basic strategies to its profit. Cadbury has a strong presence in the confectionary market which I am aware of as customer. It has survived a long journey of ups and downs until date. Cadburys sales and profit have always been high, as well as its market share and the evidence can be seen below. Cadbury customers are very satisfied with the product, diversifications, advertising methods and distribution channels. XXIV. Evidence of the companys success:Image:CBY Revenue and Net Profit.jpg http://www.neurosoftware.ro/finance/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/6f75a_analystreport1-0216.gif A Global Business Cadbury Revenue Contribution By Region 2008 XXV. Prospects for future growth/success: Cadbury after all this experience still has a chance of more progress and an opportunity to diversify and entering niche markets It could develop more products like Cadbury biscuits and ice creams like other competitors. Conclusions: Cadbury is a well established company with about 7 operating units in 60 countries Cadbury has a very high market share in the chocolate market It is diversified and sells products in three different categories Appendix: Cash flow for Cadbury https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYMyKrSRooi4bPSu_GDidpnZj3KxF4YBUY7ZuxoroSVglLhaGidoSjWyxPjNQrqjCpTIwzieyTPv77ZuSdKsO69kjWP7dkrcV193O0u5w-aO8BFD_pDanGOIEWAvrDAJX3-7m7U5XtuPMU/s1600/EPS.jpg http://highway6.com/images/c0f8b151e2333b730555362330b6e3b7.png http://content.edgar-online.com/edgar_conv_img/2009/01/28/0001193125-09-012521_G35102G94X79.JPG

Shakespeare?s Sonnets: The Theme Of Love Essay -- essays research pape

Shakespeare’s poems are the monument of a remarkable genius but they are also the monuments of a remarkable age. The greatness of Shakespeare’s achievement was largely made possible by the work of his immediate predecessors, Sidney and Spenser. Shakespeare’s sonnets are intensely personal and are records of his hopes and fears, love and friendships, infatuations and disillusions that in turn acquire a universal quality through their intensity. The vogue of the sonnet in the Elizabethan age was brief but was very intense. Sir Thomas Wyatt and The Earl of Surrey brought the Petrarchan sonnet to England and with that an admiration for lyrical poetry. This had major consequences on English verse; it was not only due to the beauty of the form of the sonnet but also because the Sonnet had become the vehicle of expression of one’s personal feelings. It was with the sonnet that Lyricism entered English Poetry. The Elizabethan sonnets show the mingling of the conventional with the original. There was a greater influence of Italy and France on the English sonnet form but in the hands of the three great masters Sidney, Spenser and Shakespeare it took a unique form. The sonnets had marks of sincerity that were in direct relation to life and their authors. In the Elizabethan Age there were dramatic authors who wrote verse as secondary to their plays and the songs or the lyric were the best in these collections. The songs of this period had the blending of the genius of the people and the artistic sense awakened by humanism. England became the impassioned lover of songs. Most were love-songs, some very free and profane but there were religious songs as well and many were purely fantastic. But Shakespeare’s songs were the most original and spontaneous and they were rich in their impression of Nature. They contained a sort of fresh and rustic realism. Like in ‘Winter’s Tale’ the image of â€Å"when daffodils begin to peer† and the white sheet is â€Å"bleaching on the hedge.† And also the purely fantastic songs, which borrow from Nature as in ‘Midsummer Night’s Dream’, banishing the â€Å"spotted snakes with double tongue.† Shakespeare’s sonnets cannot be classified. They are embedded in a scene and lose their special beauty and subtlety when taken out of context. The majority of Shakespeare’s poems were written in the early stage of his career. The narrative poems ‘Venus and Adonis... ...t displayed when he says, â€Å"Against my love shall be as I am now, With Time’s injurious hand crush’d and o’erworn†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (LXIII) Shakespeare’s sonnets are concerned with the relationship of individual experience (personal ties of love and friendship) with Time. The poems express a conviction of the permanence and validity of emotion in all its different forms, as sonnet 116 does â€Å"Love’s not Time’s fool, though rosy lips and cheeks Within his bending sickle’s compass come†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Shakespeare felt that under the pressure of mutability ‘love’ becomes ‘lust’; it changes form being an intense human experience to an expenditure of ‘spirit’. As love and friendship are born in time they are subjected to impermanence and so he believed that â€Å"what is rooted in time, time itself destroys.† And so in sonnet XCIV he says â€Å"Lilies that fester smell far worse than weeds.† The Sonnets of Shakespeare hold a dominant place among the development of the Sonnet sequence in the Elizabethan period. His poems show how the sonnet form in it’s strict formal limits imposes upon the language a distinctive economy and intensity. The sonnets might be based on historical events but they have a Universal significance.